In the IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, candidates often encounter diagrams or flowcharts representing processes. Describing the stages or steps of the process clearly and organizedly is essential for achieving a high score.

One effective way to show the order of the stages is by using appropriate sequencing words and linking devices.

This article will explore the use of sequencing words and linking devices, as well as examples and sample answers.

1. Sequencing Words:

Sequencing words help to indicate the order or sequence of the stages in a process. They provide a logical flow to the description and help the reader understand the progression from one stage to another. Here are some commonly used sequencing words:

• Firstly

• Initially

• Next

• Then

• Afterward

• Subsequently

• Finally

• In conclusion

Example: The Water Purification Process Stage 1:

Firstly, raw water is drawn from the source and directed to the treatment facility through an intake pipe. Next, the water undergoes a preliminary filtration to remove large debris and sediments. Then, it moves on to the next stage for further treatment.

In this example, the sequencing words “firstly,” “next,” and “then” are used to clearly indicate the order of the stages in the water purification process.

2. Linking Devices:

Linking devices help to establish connections between different stages of the process. They ensure a smooth transition from one stage to another and create coherence in your writing. Here are some examples of commonly used linking devices:

• Additionally

• Moreover

• Furthermore

• In addition

• On the other hand

• However

• Therefore

• Consequently

Example: The Production of Paper Stage 1:

Wood chips are soaked in water to soften them. Additionally, the softened chips are then mechanically pulped or chemically treated to separate the fibres.

In this example, the linking device “additionally” is used to connect the two stages and show the progression of the process.

Sample Answer:

The given diagram illustrates the process of car manufacturing.

The process consists of four main stages, each described using appropriate sequencing words and linking devices.

To begin with, in the first stage, steel sheets are cut into specific shapes using computer-controlled machines. Moreover, the pieces are then assembled by workers on the assembly line.

Moving on to the second stage, the assembled car bodies are painted in various colours according to customer specifications. Subsequently, the painted bodies undergo a drying process to ensure a smooth and durable finish.

In the third stage, the car bodies are fitted with engines, electrical components, and interior features such as seats and dashboard panels. Additionally, the vehicles are subjected to rigorous quality checks to ensure that all systems are functioning properly.

Finally, the completed cars are inspected for defects or imperfections in the fourth and last stages. Consequently, the vehicles are ready for shipping and distribution to dealerships and customers worldwide.

Using appropriate sequencing words and linking devices presents a clear and logical order of the stages in the car manufacturing process, allowing for easy comprehension and understanding.

In conclusion, when describing processes in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, it is crucial to use appropriate sequencing words and linking devices to show the order and connection between stages. This enhances the overall coherence and clarity of your response.

Practice using a variety of sequencing words and linking devices to effectively demonstrate the progression of the process and create a well-structured description.