The production of milk annually in four countries in 1990, 2000 and 2010

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Tables

 

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The table below shows the production of milk annually in four countries in 1990, 2000 and 2010. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the man features and make comparisons where relevant.

Common Questions for Data Summary

1. Diagram Type: Table.

2. Title: Annual Milk Production in Four Countries (1990, 2000, 2010).

3. What is being described?: The annual production of milk in four countries over three decades.

4. Where is this process happening?: In the Netherlands, Australia, Guatemala, and Tanzania.

5. What is the data about?: A comparison of the milk production of these countries in 1990, 2000, and 2010.

6. Topic: The change in milk production over time in four countries.

Comparison Showing and Trends Any change over time (such as an increase or a decrease) is a trend.

Details:

  • Netherlands: The leading producer, though production fell slightly from 1990 to 2000, it increased again by 2010.
  • Australia: A decline in milk production, with a gradual decrease from 11,246,000 litres in 1990 to 9,165,000 litres in 2010.
  • Tanzania & Guatemala: Both countries saw significant growth in milk production, especially Guatemala, which more than doubled its production from 1990 to 2000.
  • Guatemala: The country with the smallest production, yet it experienced the largest percentage increase.

Sample Answer

The table shows the annual production of milk in four countries—Netherlands, Australia, Guatemala, and Tanzania—over three decades.

Overall, while it is clear that the Netherlands consistently led milk production and experienced an increase in milk production over the 20-year period, Australia saw a decline.

In 1990, the Netherlands produced 11,262,000 litres of milk, and this figure decreased slightly to 11,155,000 litres in 2000 before rising again to 11,466,900 litres by 2010. Australia closely followed the Netherlands in 1990 with 11,246,000 litres, but production declined gradually over the following two decades, reaching 9,165,000 litres in 2010.

Tanzania and Guatemala showed significant growth in their milk production. Tanzania’s production grew from 87,000 litres in 1990 to 155,000 in 2010. Though producing the least milk overall, Guatemala saw the largest proportional increase, from 26,000 litres in 1990 to 84,000 litres in 2010.

In 1980, Japan produced only 0.6 million tonnes of waste, the lowest among the six countries. The USA, by contrast, generated 141 million tonnes of waste, which was the highest. Over the next decade, waste production increased sharply in Ireland, from 20 million tonnes to 41 million tonnes, and in the USA, from 141 million tonnes to 213 million tonnes. Waste generation in Portugal and Poland grew slightly, while Korea’s data was missing in 1990.

Between 1990 and 2000, waste generation increased moderately in Ireland, Portugal, and the USA, but Korea’s waste production decreased from 31 million tonnes in 1990 to 19 million tonnes in 2000.

Top 27  Vocabulary

 

Vocabulary  Meaning Synonyms Examples Type
Proportionate  In relation to a part of a whole Relative, comparative “Guatemala showed the largest proportionate increase in milk production.” Adjective
Fluctuated To change or vary irregularly Vary, oscillate “The production in the Netherlands fluctuated slightly between 1990 and 2000.” Verb
Declined  To decrease in number or quality Decreased, dropped “Milk production in Australia declined over the years.” Verb
Significant  Important or notable in size Considerable, substantial “Tanzania saw a significant increase in milk production.” Adjective
Overall  In general, considering everything Generally, in total “Overall, the milk production increased in all countries except Australia.” Adjective

Consumption

The act of using up a resource

Usage, utilization

“The consumption of milk varies across different countries.”

Noun

Yield

The amount produced of a product

Output, production

“The milk yield in Australia has decreased over time.”

Noun

Consistently

In a steady and reliable manner

Steadily, regularly

“The Netherlands consistently led in milk production.”

Adverb

Moderate

Neither too high nor too low

Average, reasonable

“The Netherlands showed a moderate increase in production.”

Adjective

Gradually

Occurring in small stages over time

Slowly, progressively

“Australia’s milk production gradually declined.”

Adverb

Outpace

To move faster or do better than

Surpass, exceed

“Tanzania’s growth rate in milk production outpaced others.”

Verb

Expansion

The act of increasing in size or scope

Growth, enlargement

“Guatemala experienced a rapid expansion in milk production.”

Noun

Marginal

Small or insignificant in amount

Slight, minimal

“There was only a marginal drop in the Netherlands’ output.”

Adjective

Dominate

To be the most significant or powerful

Lead, control

“The Netherlands continues to dominate the dairy industry.”

Verb

Escalation

A rapid increase in amount

Surge, rise

“Guatemala saw an escalation in milk production levels.”

Noun

Dwindle

To shrink or reduce gradually

Decrease, diminish

“Milk production in Australia continued to dwindle.”

Verb

Stabilize

To become steady or unchanging

Maintain, steady

“Production in the Netherlands stabilized after a brief dip.”

Verb

Noteworthy

Deserving attention due to importance

Remarkable, significant

“The increase in Tanzania’s milk production is noteworthy.”

Adjective

Projection

An estimate or forecast based on trends

Prediction, forecast

“Future projections suggest further growth in Tanzania.”

Noun

Considerable

Large in size or amount

Substantial, significant

“There was a considerable difference in milk production levels.”

Adjective

Surge

A sudden and large increase

Rise, jump

“Guatemala witnessed a surge in milk production.”

Noun

Decline

A continuous decrease over time

Drop, reduction

“Australia’s milk production faced a steady decline.”

Noun/Verb

Surpass

To exceed or go beyond

Outdo, exceed

“Tanzania’s milk production may soon surpass expectations.”

Verb

Trend

A general direction of change

Pattern, tendency

“The trend indicates increasing milk production in Tanzania.”

Noun

Peak

The highest level reached

Maximum, summit

“Milk production in the Netherlands peaked in 2010.”

Noun/Verb

Dip

A slight or temporary drop

Decline, drop

“There was a dip in the Netherlands’ milk output in 2000.”

Noun

Sustained

Continuing for a long period

Continuous, ongoing

“Guatemala saw sustained growth in milk production.”

Adjective

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