Percentage of Good Quality River Water in Four Countries (1995–2018)

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Line Graph

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The diagram below shows the percentage of good quality river water in four countries from 1995 to 2010. It also shows the prediction for 2018. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

48-Percentage of Good Quality River Water in Four Countries (1995–2018)

Common Questions for the Line Graph

1. Graph Type: Line Graph

2. Title: Percentage of Good Quality River Water in Four Countries (1995–2018)

3. What are the units of measurement?: Percentage of good quality river water

4. Who: Four unnamed countries (A, B, C, D)

5. When: 1995 to 2018 (includes predictions after 2010)

6. Where: Not specified

7. Topic: Trends in the quality of river water over time

Comparison Showing and Trends Any change over time (such as an increase or a decrease) is a trend.

Comparison 1: Countries A and B (High Stability)

Details:

1. Country A: Increased slightly from 96% in 1995 to 98% by 2010, but predicted to decline back to 96% by 2018.

2. Country B: Rose steadily from 94% in 1995 to 98% in 2010, with a slight decline expected by 2018.

Comparison 2: Country C (Fluctuations with Recovery)

Details:

1.Declined from 94% in 1995 to 87% by 2008.

2. Recovered steadily, reaching 94% by 2013, with predictions of a further rise to 96% by 2018.

Comparison 3: Country D (Worst Quality)

Details:

1. Started at 85% in 1995, peaking briefly at 92% in 2000 and again in 2008.

2. Declined slightly thereafter and is predicted to continue falling beyond 2018.

Sample Answer

The line graph illustrates the percentage of good-quality river water in four countries from 1995 to 2010, with predictions extending to 2018.

Overall, countries A and B displayed relatively stable trends, while countries C and D experienced fluctuations.

Country A had a high proportion of good-quality water, rising marginally from 96% in 1995 to 98% by 2010. However, it is expected to decline slightly to 96% by 2018. Country B followed a similar trend, improving steadily from 94% in 1995 to 98% in 2010, with a minor drop predicted by 2018.

Country C showed a contrasting trend, with good-quality water declining moderately from 94% in 1995 to 87% by 2008. Afterwards, it recovered steadily, reaching 94% by 2013, and is expected to rise further to 96% by 2018. Country D had the lowest percentage of good-quality water, beginning at 85% in 1995. It peaked at 92% in 2000 and again in 2008, but since then, it has declined slightly and is predicted to continue this downward trend.

Top 25 Vocabularies

Vocabulary	Type	Meaning	Synonyms	Examples
Fluctuation	Noun	Irregular rising and falling in amount	Variation, Oscillation	Country C showed fluctuations in water quality over time.
Stability	Noun	A state of being consistent	Steadiness, Uniformity	Countries A and B exhibited relative stability in water quality.
Decline	Verb/Noun	A gradual reduction or decrease	Drop, Decrease	Water quality in country D declined after 2008.
Recovery	Noun	A return to a better state	Improvement, Rebound	Country C showed a recovery in water quality after 2008.
Predicted	Adjective	Expected or forecasted for the future	Projected, Anticipated	Country A’s water quality is predicted to decline slightly by 2018.
Illustrate	Verb	To explain or make something clear using examples or visuals	Depict, Demonstrate	“The graph illustrates the percentage of good-quality river water.”
Proportion	Noun	A part or share of a whole	Percentage, Fraction	“Country A had a high proportion of good-quality water.”
Marginally	Adverb	Slightly or to a small extent	Slightly, Minimally	“Good-quality water in Country A rose marginally by 2010.”
Steady	Adjective	Regular, consistent, and continuous	Stable, Gradual	“Country B showed a steady improvement in water quality.”
Contrast	Verb/Noun	To compare in a way that highlights differences	Differentiate, Distinguish	“Country C’s trend contrasts with that of Country A.”
Moderately	Adverb	To a reasonable degree or extent	Slightly, Somewhat	“Country C’s water quality declined moderately over the years.”
Trend	Noun	A general direction in which something is developing	Pattern, Movement	“Countries A and B displayed stable trends in water quality.”
Peak	Verb/Noun	To reach the highest point	Summit, Climax	“Country D’s water quality peaked at 92% in 2000.”
Contrast	Verb	To differ strikingly	Oppose, Differ	“Country D’s trend contrasts with that of the other nations.”
Anticipate	Verb	To expect or predict	Foresee, Expect	“Water quality in Country C is anticipated to rise by 2018.”
Decline	Verb/Noun	A steady reduction in value	Decrease, Deterioration	“Country D saw a decline in water quality after 2008.”
Relatively	Adverb	In comparison to others	Comparatively, Somewhat	“Countries A and B showed relatively stable trends.”
Consistent	Adjective	Unchanging over time	Steady, Reliable	“Country A displayed consistent levels of water quality.”
Downward	Adjective	Moving towards a lower level	Declining, Falling	“Country D followed a downward trend after 2008.”
Recover	Verb	To return to a normal or better condition	Improve, Regain	“Country C recovered steadily after 2008.”
Moderate	Adjective	Neither too much nor too little	Average, Modest	“Country C experienced a moderate decline in water quality.”
Exhibit	Verb	To show a quality or feature	Display, Demonstrate	“Country B exhibited steady improvements in water quality.”
Forecast	Verb/Noun	To predict or estimate a future event	Predict, Anticipate	“The graph forecasts a slight drop in Country A’s water quality.”
Slightly	Adverb	By a small amount	Marginally, Minimally	“Country A’s water quality is expected to decrease slightly.”
Notable	Adjective	Worthy of attention or significance	Remarkable, Significant	“There was a notable peak in water quality in Country D.”
Project	Verb	To estimate or predict based on trends	Forecast, Anticipate	“Water quality is projected to decline slightly by 2018.”
Fluctuate	Verb	To rise and fall irregularly	Vary, Oscillate	“Country D’s water quality fluctuated significantly over time.”
Stable	Adjective	Unchanging and steady over time	Steady, Constant	“Countries A and B maintained stable water quality over the years.”

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