Birth and Death Rates in a European Country (1950–2050)

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Line Graph

20:00

IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The graph below shows the total births and the deaths in a European country from 1950 to 2050. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and give comparisons where relevant.

42- Birth and Death Rates in a European Country (1950–2050)

Common Questions for the Line Graph

1. Graph Type: Line Graph

2. Title: Birth and Death Rates in a European Country (1950–2050)

3. What are the units of measurement?: Number of births and deaths (in thousands)

4. Who: Population of a European country

5. When: 1950 to 2050 (includes projections from 2020 onward)

6. Where: A European country

7. Topic: Trends in birth and death rates over a century

Comparison Showing and Trends Any change over time (such as an increase or a decrease) is a trend.

Comparison 1: Birth Rate

Details:

1.Rose sharply from 750,000 in 1950 to a peak of 1,000,000 in the 1970s.

2. Declined steadily, reaching a low of just under 600,000 in the 1990s.

3. Recovered to approximately 700,000 and is predicted to remain stable until 2050.

Comparison 2: Death Rate

Details:

1.Remained relatively stable at around 700,000 from 1950 to 2030.

2.Forecast to rise moderately, reaching 800,000 by 2050.

Overall Observation

The birth rate fluctuated significantly, while the death rate remained stable until the projected increase after 2030.

Sample Answer

The line graph illustrates the trends in birth and death rates in a European country from 1950 to 2050, with projections from 2020 onward.

Overall, the birth rate showed significant fluctuations, while the death rate remained stable, with a moderate rise expected after 2030.

In 1950, the birth rate was approximately 750,000. It increased sharply, peaking at 1,000,000 during the 1970s, before experiencing a steep decline to just under 600,000 in the 1990s. Since then, the birth rate has recovered to about 700,000 and is predicted to remain stable until 2050.

In contrast, the death rate has remained relatively constant at around 700,000 for much of the period. However, from 2030 onward, it is forecast to rise moderately, reaching 800,000 by 2050. While the birth rate outpaced the death rate significantly in the 1970s, the two rates are expected to converge closer to 2050, with a gap of only 100,000.

Top 24 Vocabularies

Vocabulary	Type	Meaning	Synonyms	Examples
Projection	noun	A forecast or estimate for the future	Prediction, Forecast	Projections indicate that the death rate will rise by 2050.
Peak	verb/noun	To reach the highest point	Summit, Climax	The birth rate peaked at 1,000,000 in the 1970s.
Converge	verb	To come closer together	Meet, Approach	The birth and death rates are expected to converge by 2050.
Fluctuate	verb	To rise and fall irregularly	Vary, Oscillate	The birth rate fluctuated significantly over the period.
Stable	Adjective	Unchanging or consistent	Steady, Constant	The death rate remained stable for several decades.
Trends	Noun	General directions or patterns of change	Patterns, Movements	“The graph illustrates the trends in birth and death rates over time.”
Fluctuations	Noun	Frequent and irregular changes in level or amount	Variations, Shifts	“The birth rate showed significant fluctuations during the period.”
Sharp	Adjective	Sudden and intense in degree	Steep, Rapid	“The birth rate increased sharply in the 1970s.”
Steep	Adjective	Having a high or sharp slope, often used figuratively for a large change	Dramatic, Sudden	“The birth rate experienced a steep decline in the 1990s.”
Moderate	Adjective	Slight or average in amount, intensity, or degree	Modest, Reasonable	“The death rate is expected to rise moderately after 2030.”
Decline	Verb/Noun	To decrease in amount, number, or strength	Decrease, Diminish	“The birth rate declined in the 1990s.”
Recovery	Noun	The process of returning to a normal or better state	Improvement, Return	“The birth rate recovered to about 700,000 after the 1990s.”
Constant	Adjective	Remaining the same over time, without change	Stable, Unchanging	“The death rate remained constant for much of the period.”
Forecast	Noun/Verb	A prediction or estimate of future events	Projection, Prediction	“The forecast indicates that the death rate will increase after 2030.”
Gap	Noun	A difference or disparity between two things	Difference, Discrepancy	“The gap between the birth and death rates is expected to narrow.”
Expected	Adjective	Predicted or anticipated	Anticipated, Foreseen	“It is expected that the birth rate will remain stable until 2050.”
Relative	Adjective	Considered in relation or comparison to something else	Comparative, Proportional	“The death rate remained relatively constant during most of the period.”
Predicted	Adjective	Stated as a likely outcome based on reasoning or evidence	Expected, Projected	“The predicted rise in the death rate is expected to occur after 2030.”
Convergence	Noun	The process of two things coming together or becoming more similar	Merging, Coming together	“The convergence of birth and death rates is expected by 2050.”
Significant	Adjective	Important or noteworthy in size, degree, or meaning	Considerable, Substantial	“The birth rate showed significant fluctuations during the period.”
Period	Noun	A specific length of time	Duration, Interval	“The data covers the period from 1950 to 2050.”
Diverge	Verb	To separate or move in different directions	Split, Separate	“The birth and death rates diverged sharply in the 1970s.”
Steady	Adjective	Regular, consistent, without change over time	Unchanging, Stable	“The birth rate has remained steady since 2000.”
Projections	Noun	An estimate or forecast of future numbers or trends	Forecasts, Predictions	“Projections show that the birth rate will stabilize over the next few decades.”

Our Books

Master IELTS Speaking Part 1

Buy Now

IELTS Writing Task 1 Book

Buy Now

IELTS Writing Task 2 Book

Buy Now



Diagrams

Practice IELTS Other Modules



IELTS Listening

The IELTS Listening test assesses how well you can understand spoken English in various contexts. It lasts about 30 minutes and is divided into four sections with a total of 40 questions. The listening tasks become increasingly difficult as the test progresses.



IELTS Academic Reading

The IELTS Academic Reading section assesses your ability to understand and interpret a variety of texts in academic settings. It is designed to evaluate a range of reading skills, including skimming for gist, reading for main ideas, reading for detail, understanding inferences, and recognizing a writer's opinions and arguments.



IELTS Speaking

The IELTS Speaking test assesses your ability to communicate in English on everyday topics. It lasts 11-14 minutes and consists of three parts: introduction, cue card, and a discussion based on the cue card topic.



IELTS General Reading

IELTS General Reading tests your ability to understand and interpret various types of texts. Here are some key areas and types of content you can expect to encounter in the reading section, along with tips for effective preparation.



IELTS Academic Writing Task 1

In IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, you are presented with a visual representation of information, such as graphs, charts, tables, or diagrams, and you are required to summarize, compare, or explain the data in your own words.



IELTS General Writing Task 1

In IELTS General Writing Task 1, you are required to write a letter based on a given situation. The letter can be formal, semi-formal, or informal, depending on the prompt. Here’s a breakdown of the key components to include in your letter



IELTS Academic Writing Task 2

In IELTS Academic Writing Task 2, you are required to write an essay in response to a question or topic. Here’s a guide to help you understand the essential elements of this task



IELTS Exam Tips

To succeed in the IELTS exam, practice regularly, familiarize yourself with the test format, improve your vocabulary, develop time management skills, and take mock tests to build confidence.



Grammer for IELTS

Grammar is the foundation of effective communication in English. Understanding tense usage, subject-verb agreement, and sentence structure enhances clarity and coherence in writing and speaking.



Vocabulary for IELTS

Vocabulary plays a crucial role in the IELTS (International English Language Testing System) exam, especially in the Speaking and Writing sections. Here’s an overview of why vocabulary is important and how it impacts your performance