Government Spending on Education, Medical Care, and Pensions from 2001 to 2051

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Line Chart

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The graph shows the spending on education, medical care and pension in a particular country from 2001 to 2051.

106 - Government Spending on Education, Medical Care, and Pensions from 2001 to 2051

Common Questions for the Spending on Education, Medical Care, and Pensions Graph

1. Graph Types: Line graph

2. Title: Government Spending on Education, Medical Care, and Pensions from 2001 to 2051

3. What are the units of measurement?: Percentage (%)

4. Who: Government authorities or policymakers

5. When: From 2001 to projections until 2051

6. Where: Not specified (general context of a country)

7. Topic: Public spending in key social sectors

Key Features of the Spending Data

1. Education Spending :

2001: The highest expenditure was approximately 15%.
Trend: Slight decline to 14% by 2021 and is projected to remain stable until 2051.

2. Medical Care Spending:

2001-2011: Steady spending at around 11%.
Trend: Increase anticipated up to 2021, but a significant decline to about 4% by 2051.

3. Pension Spending:

2001: Lowest spending proportion, stable through 2021.
Trend: Expected to grow rapidly, reaching nearly 18% by 2051.

Overall Summary

The graph illustrates the projected trends in government spending on education, medical care, and pensions from 2001 to 2051. Education spending, initially the highest, is forecast to stabilize at 14%. In contrast, medical care spending is predicted to rise until 2021 but will drastically decrease by 2051. Meanwhile, pensions, which began as the least funded area, are set to experience significant growth. This suggests a shift in priorities, with pensions becoming more prominent as spending on medical care declines.

Sample Answer

The diagrams illustrate how Pentland, a coastal town, transformed from 1950 to 2007. The significant changes over this 57-year period show a shift from a modest, industrial-focused area to a developed, bustling commercial town.

In 1950, Pentland was a relatively quiet town positioned south of the sea, divided into two parts by a straight main road. There was an industrial zone on the left side of the main road, while a car park was on the right. The rest of the area consisted mostly of open grassland, giving it a more rural appearance.

By 2007, the area had seen substantial development. The sea had been turned into a Yacht Marina, surrounded by a circular road connected to the original main road. The industrial area was transformed into a recreational space that included a park, a swimming pool, and a multi-storey car park. The right side, which previously had a car park, was replaced by numerous apartment buildings. The southeast corner of Pentland witnessed new residential housing and the addition of a cinema near the main and left side roads. Shops were also introduced along the northern edges of the side roads, contributing to the town’s commercial growth.

Overall, the changes show that Pentland evolved from a primarily industrial area into a lively coastal town with significant commercial and residential development

Top 25 Vocabularies

Vocabulary (type)	Meaning	Synonyms	Examples
Expenditure (noun)	The amount of money spent in a particular area	Spending, outlay	“The government’s expenditure on education is substantial.”
Projections (noun)	Estimates or forecasts regarding future data	Predictions, forecasts	“The projections indicate a rise in pension spending.”
Allocation (noun)	The distribution of resources or funds	Distribution, assignment	“The allocation for medical care will increase until 2021.”
Stability (noun)	The quality of being steady and not changing	Consistency, permanence	“Spending on education is projected to show stability.”
Decline (verb)	A decrease in quantity or quality	Diminish, drop	“There will be a decline in medical care spending by 2051.”
Trends (noun)	General directions or patterns over time	Patterns, movements	“The line graph presents the trends in government spending over five decades.”
Sector (noun)	A distinct part or division of a larger system	Division, area	“The healthcare sector sees a significant decline in funding projections.”
Proportion (noun)	A part or share of a whole	Percentage, ratio	“The proportion of education spending stabilized after 2021.”
Anticipated (adjective)	Expected or predicted to happen	Expected, forecasted	“A sharp decline in healthcare spending is anticipated by 2051.”
Exceed (verb)	To go beyond a set limit or expectation	Surpass, overtake	“Pension spending will eventually exceed healthcare spending by 2051.”
Increment (noun)	A small, gradual increase	Rise, addition	“There is an incremental rise in pension expenditure after 2021.”
Contrast (noun)	A clear difference between two things	Difference, distinction	“There is a clear contrast between healthcare and pension spending trends.”
Projected (adjective)	Estimated or expected based on data	Predicted, anticipated	“The projected pension expenditure will reach 18% by 2051.”
Sharp (adjective)	Sudden and intense in degree	Steep, abrupt	“The healthcare sector is expected to see a sharp decrease in funding.”
Rise (noun)	An increase in level or quantity	Growth, surge	“A steady rise in pension allocation is observed from 2021 onwards.”
Funding (noun)	Financial resources provided for a purpose	Financing, investment	“Government funding for education will remain stable through 2051.”
Divergent (adjective)	Going in different directions	Differing, opposing	“Healthcare and pension expenditures show divergent trends.”
Dominant (adjective)	Having a commanding or leading position	Leading, prevailing	“Pensions are projected to become the dominant sector of government spending by 2051.”
Estimates (noun)	Rough calculations or judgments of value	Approximations, calculations	“Estimates suggest education spending will stabilize at 14%.”
Gradual (adjective)	Happening in small stages over time	Steady, progressive	“There is a gradual rise in pension spending after 2021.”
Peak (noun)	The highest point of a trend or quantity	Summit, maximum	“Healthcare spending is projected to peak in 2021 before declining.”
Consistent (adjective)	Remaining steady or unchanging	Stable, uniform	“The allocation for education remains consistent after 2021.”
Reduction (noun)	A decrease in amount or size	Decrease, decline	“Healthcare spending undergoes a reduction after 2021.”
Prioritize (verb)	To give special importance to something	Emphasize, focus on	“The government prioritized pensions in its long-term financial planning.”
Allocate (verb)	To assign resources or funds to specific areas	Distribute, designate	“Funds were allocated to various sectors, including education and healthcare.”

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