The different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Bar Graph

 

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 2000

Common Questions for the Bar Graph

1. Diagram Type: Bar chart

2. Title: Modes of Transport Used to Commute to Work (1960, 1980, 2000)

3. What are the units of measurement? Percentage of total travellers

4. Who: University lecturers, transport researchers, urban planners

5. When: 1960, 1980, 2000

6. Where: A European city (unspecified)

7. Topic: Changes in the modes of transport used for commuting over time

Detailed Process and Observations

Summary of Data :  The bar chart compares the amount of leisure time men and women had weekly across five categories of employment status between 1998 and 1999. Overall, men had more leisure time than women in three categories, while women were shown in two categories: housewives and part-time employed.

 

  1. Full-time Employment:
    • Men had slightly more leisure time than women. Men enjoyed about 45 hours of leisure per week, while women had approximately 38 hours.
  2. Unemployed and Retired People:
    • Both retired and unemployed individuals had the most free time. Retired males and females had the same amount of leisure time as the unemployed: around 85 hours per week for males and 78 hours per week for females.
  3. Part-time Employment and Housewives:
    • Housewives had 50 hours of leisure time, which was slightly more than the 40+ hours that part-time working women had each week. No data was provided for men in these categories.

Sample Answer

The bar chart illustrates how commuters in a European city travelled to and from work in 1960, 1980, and 2000.

 Overall, car use became the dominant mode of transport by 2000, while walking, cycling, and bus usage saw a notable decline.

 In 1960, walking was the most common mode of transport, with 35% of people commuting on foot. Only 5% of commuters used cars, while 25% travelled by bike and 18% by bus. By 1980, the trend had started to shift, with buses becoming the most popular choice at 25%, surpassing walking, which had dropped to 17%. Car use rose to 22%, and bike usage was at 20%.

 By 2000, the trend had changed even more drastically. Car usage surged to 35%, while bus travel fell to 16%. Walking and cycling had both decreased further, with only 9% and 6% of commuters using these modes, respectively.

Top 29 Vocabulary

 

Vocabulary Meaning Synonyms Examples Type
Proportion A part or share of the whole Percentage, share The proportion of people who walked to work fell significantly by 2000. Noun
Mode of transport A way or method of travelling from one place to another Means of transport, vehicle Cars became the most popular mode of transport by 2000.

Noun (Phrase)
Commuters People who travel regularly to and from work Travelers, workers Commuters in 1960 mainly walked or cycled to work. Noun (Plural)
Steadily Gradually or consistently over time Consistently, continually The percentage of car commuters rose steadily over the years. Adverb
Decline A decrease or reduction Drop, decrease, fall The number of people travelling by bus saw a significant decline by 2000. Noun / Verb

Illustrates

To explain or clarify with examples or pictures

Depicts, shows

“The bar chart illustrates the changing commuting patterns over time.”

Verb

Dominant

Most important or influential

Leading, prevailing

“Car use became the dominant mode of transport by 2000.”

Adjective

Notable

Worthy of attention or importance

Significant, remarkable

“Walking, cycling, and bus usage saw a notable decline.”

Adjective

Shift

A change or movement from one state to another

Change, transition

“By 1980, the trend had started to shift towards bus usage.”

Noun/Verb

Trend

A general direction in which something is developing

Pattern, tendency

“The trend in car usage became more prominent by 2000.”

Noun

Surge

A large or sudden increase

Spike, rise

“Car usage surged to 35% by 2000.”

Noun/Verb

Drastically

In a way that is extreme or severe

Radically, significantly

“By 2000, car use increased drastically, surpassing other modes.”

Adverb

Drop

A decrease in amount or level

Decline, reduction

“There was a noticeable drop in bus usage by 2000.”

Noun/Verb

Subsequently

Following in time or order

Afterwards, later

“Subsequently, car usage became the most common transport mode.”

Adverb

Percentage

A proportion expressed as a fraction of 100

Fraction, rate

“The percentage of commuters walking to work decreased over time.”

Noun

Fell

To decrease or drop

Decreased, dropped

“The number of people walking to work fell significantly.”

Verb

Common

Usual or frequently occurring

Frequent, typical

“Walking was the most common mode of transport in 1960.”

Adjective

Usage

The action of using something

Consumption, utilization

“The usage of buses decreased significantly by 2000.”

Noun

Compare

To examine the similarities and differences

Contrast, assess

“We can compare the changes in commuting modes over the three decades.”

Verb

Period

A specific length of time

Duration, interval

“The bar chart compares commuting modes over a period from 1960 to 2000.”

Noun

Peaked

Reached the highest point

Reached, culminated

“Cycling usage peaked at 25% in 1960.”

Verb

Reflect

To show, express, or represent

Represent, indicate

“The bar chart reflects changes in commuting patterns.”

Verb

Prior

Previous or earlier in time

Former, earlier

“Prior to 1980, walking was the most common method of commuting.”

Adjective

Amount

A quantity or total of something

Quantity, sum

“The amount of people using cars rose steadily each year.”

Noun

Reveals

To make something known or visible

Shows, discloses

“The graph reveals a decline in walking and cycling usage.”

Verb

Statistical

Pertaining to data or numerical analysis

Data-driven, numerical

“The statistical data highlights the increase in car usage.”

Adjective

Category

A classification or grouping of things

Group, type

“The chart shows commuters grouped by mode of transport.”

Noun

Contribution

The act of giving or adding to something

Addition, input

“Each mode of transport made a unique contribution to the total.”

Noun

Proportionally

In relation to something else, in terms of proportion

Relatively, comparably

“Bus usage decreased proportionally to car usage.”

Adverb
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