The use of renewable energy accounting for the total energy from 1971 to 2006

IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Line bar

 

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IELTS Writing Task 1 Question

The picture below shows the use of renewable energy accounting for the total energy from 1971 to 2006. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

Common questions for the renewable energy graph

1. Graph Type: Line graph

2. Title: Use of Renewable Energy as a Percentage of Total Energy (1971–2006)

3. What are the units of measurement?: Percentage (%)

4. Who: The graph compares the use of renewable energy in six countries.

5. When: The data spans from 1971 to 2006.

6. Where: The countries compared are Finland, Denmark, France, Germany, the UK, and the USA.

7. Topic: The graph shows the proportion of renewable energy used in total energy consumption over a period of 35 years in various countries.

Comparison Showing and Trends

Comparison 1 : Leading and Lagging Countries

  • Finland was the leader in renewable energy use, starting with about 25% in 1971. By 2006, it had returned to this level, despite fluctuations in between. The UK, on the other hand, used the least renewable energy, starting at 1% in 1971 and rising modestly to about 5% by 2006.

Comparison 2 : Changes Over Time in Other Countries

  • Denmark saw a fluctuating use of renewable energy, ranging between 10% and 15%. France showed a slight increase, from 8% in 1971 to 11% in 2006. Germany, starting at 5% in 1976, gradually increased its renewable energy use to around 10% by 2006. The USA showed the most significant growth, increasing from 2% to 16%.

Sample Answer

The line graph compares the percentage of renewable energy use from 1971 to 2006 in six countries: Finland, Denmark, France, Germany, the UK, and the USA.

Overall, Finland and the USA showed the most significant renewable energy usage, while the UK remained the lowest throughout the period.

Finland led the countries in renewable energy use, starting with almost 25% in 1971. Despite fluctuations, the percentage increased again and reached the same level by 2006. Denmark was the second highest, with its renewable energy usage fluctuating between 10% and 15% throughout the period.

In contrast, the UK had the lowest renewable energy usage, starting at 1% in 1971 and gradually rising to about 5% by 2006. France’s renewable energy usage grew slightly, from 8% in 1971 to 11% by 2006. Germany’s renewable energy use increased moderately, from 5% in 1976 to 10% by 2006. Notably, the USA saw the most significant increase in renewable energy usage, rising from 2% in 1971 to 16% in 2006, the highest increase among the six countries.

Top 25 Vocabularies

 

Vocabulary  Meaning Synonyms Examples Type

Fluctuations

Variations or changes, especially upwards and downwards

Oscillations, shifts

“The usage of renewable energy fluctuated between 10% and 15% in Denmark.”

Noun

Non-conventional

Not traditional or usual

Alternative, unconventional

“The highest increase in the use of these non-conventional sources of energy was seen in the USA.”

Adjective

Escalated

Increased or grew in intensity

Increased, soared

“The use of renewable energy escalated in the UK from 1% in 1971 to near 5% by 2006.”

Verb

Proportion

The percentage or part of a whole

Share, fraction

“The proportion of renewable energy used in the UK was the least throughout the period.”

Noun

Gradually

Slowly or progressively

Slowly, steadily

“Germany’s use of renewable energy grew gradually to 10% by 2006.”

Adverb

Trend

A general direction or tendency

Pattern, movement

“The trend showed a steady increase in renewable energy use.”

Noun

Incremental

Increasing gradually or in small amounts

Gradual, step-by-step

“The increase in renewable energy use was incremental.”

Adjective

Slightly

To a small degree or extent

Marginally, minimally

“France’s renewable energy use grew slightly during the period.”

Adverb

Peak

The highest point or level

Apex, zenith

“Finland reached a peak of renewable energy use by 2006.”

Noun

Consistently

Happening in the same way over time

Steadily, regularly

“Denmark’s renewable energy use remained consistently between 10% and 15%.”

Adverb

Dramatic

Sudden or striking in effect

Significant, striking

“The USA saw a dramatic increase in renewable energy use by 2006.”

Adjective

Stable

Not likely to change or fluctuate significantly

Steady, constant

“The UK had a stable increase in renewable energy use.”

Adjective

Marginal

Small or slight in effect or degree

Minor, negligible

“Germany’s increase in renewable energy use was marginal compared to others.”

Adjective

Substantial

Large in amount or importance

Considerable, significant

“Finland showed a substantial increase in renewable energy use.”

Adjective

Subsequently

Happening after something else

Afterwards, later

“The use of renewable energy increased, subsequently reducing fossil fuel reliance.”

Adverb

Proportionately

In a way that relates to the size or amount of something

Relatively, comparably

“The increase in renewable energy was proportionately higher in the USA.”

Adverb

Preceding

Coming before something else

Prior, earlier

“The preceding decade saw only small changes in renewable energy use.”

Adjective

Plateau

A state of little or no change after a period of growth

Stabilize, level off

“After 1992, renewable energy usage in Germany plateaued.”

Noun

Significantly

In an important or large way

Substantially, notably

“The proportion of renewable energy use increased significantly in the USA.”

Adverb

Fluctuating

Changing frequently in a way that’s unpredictable

Varying, shifting

“Denmark’s renewable energy use was fluctuating over the years.”

Adjective

Attain

To reach or achieve something

Achieve, reach

“The USA attained the highest renewable energy usage by 2006.”

Verb

Rebound

To recover or return to a previous state

Recover, bounce back

“The renewable energy use rebounded after the 1990s.”

Verb

Tend

To show a tendency or inclination towards something

Incline, lean

“France tended to have a steady increase in renewable energy use.”

Verb

Moderate

To change something to a less extreme or more balanced state

Adjust, temper

“Germany’s increase in renewable energy was moderate compared to others.”

Adjective

Proliferate

To increase or spread rapidly

Multiply, expand

“The use of renewable energy began to proliferate in the USA after 1990.”

Verb
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